Can I sue the police for violating my rights?
The Emergency Act was in effect from February 15 – 23, 2022. While the Act was in effect, you were not allowed take part in protests that might have disturbed the peace. If you did, the government had the power to take or freeze property related to those protests. And the police had the right to arrest or fine you. Those rules no longer apply. But any charge or fine you got for breaking the Act's rules when it was in effect don't go away because the Act has been revoked. If you think the police have violated your rights, you should get legal advice.
If the police did not respect your rights or caused you unnecessary harm, you may be able to .
Suing the police is a way to hold the police responsible for what they did. But going to court can be expensive and take a lot of time. It's best to talk to a lawyer who practises civil litigation if you're thinking about suing the police.
Deciding which court
You may be able to sue in to ask for money to make up for your injuries or damages. The most you can sue for in Small Claims Court is $35,000.
If you want to sue for more than $35,000, you must go to Superior Court. You can use the Simplified Procedure for claims between $35,000 and $200,000. It's very hard to sue for more than $200,000 without a lawyer. If you want to sue in Superior Court, you should try to get legal help.
Getting legal help
If you have a low income, you might be able to get help from Pro Bono Ontario. This is true whether you're planning to go to Small Claims Court or the Superior Court.
Before making a claim
For your lawsuit against the police to be successful, the police must have done something to you that is against the law. In civil court, a wrongful act is called a tort.
For example, you may be able to make a claim for:
- wrongful arrest and detention
- unlawful seizure of property
- unlawful searches
- assault and battery
- negligent use of force
You must be able to tell the judge how the facts of your case show that the police did something to you that is against the law.
You have to prove your case on a balance of probabilities. This means you have to show the judge that your story is more believable than what the police say happened.
After court
The police officers or police service you're suing are called defendants. If your claim is successful, the court may tell the defendants to give you money to make up for the pain or other problems caused by what happened with the police.
If your claim is not successful, you may be ordered to pay some of the defendant‘s legal fees.